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　　【Folkloreisthebranchofthestudyofmanwhichdealswithlocalcustomstalesandtraditions.Everybodyisastorehouseoffolklorethoughnoteverybodyrealizesit.Oftenindeedthosewhohaveneverheardthewordfolklorehavethegr】

　　Folkloreisthebranchofthestudyofmanwhichdealswithlocalcustomstalesandtraditions.Everybodyisastorehouseoffolklorethoughnoteverybodyrealizesit.Oftenindeedthosewhohaveneverheardthewordfolklorehavethegreateststoreofitforthepeoplewithleastbookeducationcommonlycherishmostfirmlyoldideasandsuperstitions(迷信)whichhavebeenpassedonbywordofmouthforgenerations.Everyonehasheardstoriesofghostswitchesfairiesandgiants.Weallknowsomeproverbsandhavecomeacrosssuchideasasforexamplethatitisluckytoseeblackcatandunluckytoseeasinglemagpie(喜鹊).WekeepcertainseasonsoftheyearasfestivalssuchasChristmasandwearefamiliarwiththespecialcustomsconnectedwithweddingsandfunerals.Allsuchthingsareofinteresttothosewhostudyfolklore.

　　Peoplewhostudyfolklorewon’tcriticizetheoldbeliefsandpracticestheycomeacrossassillychildishorold-fashioned.Insteadtheywilltrytocollectaccuraterecordsofthemandthenseehowtheseareconnectedwithotherideasandcustomsofotherplacesortimes.Bycomparingwithwhatisknownofoldentimesorthefolkloreofothercountriestheytrytodiscoverhowcertainbeliefsandpracticescameintobeingandwhatpurposetheyservenoworusedtoserveinthepast.

　　Oftenwefindthatthebeliefswhichseemmostpeculiarandunreasonableandthecustomswhichappearleastpracticalareofthegreatestinterestandimportancebecausetheyarecommonlytheoldest.Sometimestheywerepartofanancientritual(惯例)orservedausefulpurposewhenpeople’swayoflifewasdifferentfromwhatitisnow.Sowenotonlylearnaboutwhatpeoplethoughtanddidinthepastbutarebetterabletounderstandpresentcustoms.Peopleoftenkeepupcustomswhentheyhaveforgottentheoriginalreasonforthemandinthecourseoftimeafreshreasongetsattachedtothecustom.Thuswhensomejokertiesanoldshoetothebackofthetaxitakingthebrideandbridegroomtothestationfortheirhoneymoonhewouldsayitwas“forluck”butactuallyashoeisanoldfertility(繁殖力)symbolandhasaplaceintheweddingcustomsofChinaandPalestine.

　　1.Theunderlinedword“they”(inPara.2)mostprobablyrefersto_________.

　　A.practicesandbeliefsB.customsandtraditions

　　C.recordsandt

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2020-05-24 22:35

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彭宏韬

　　1.A

　　2.C

　　3.B

　　4.A

　　试题分析:本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有关民俗学的一些内容。民俗学是传承和研究整个民间生活和文化的学科。而民俗则是日常人民生活形态的真实反映，这种约定俗成的习惯与风俗，不仅是对人们生活的提升与满足，更是民族生存不可或缺的精神支柱。

　　1.词义猜测题。根据上句内容howcertainbeliefsandpracticescameintobeing可知此处they指代beliefsandpractices，选A。

　　2.细节理解题。从文章第二段首句Peoplewhostudyfolklorewon’tcriticizetheoldbeliefsandpracticestheycomeacrossassillychildishorold-fashioned.可知研究民俗的人们不会去批评他们所见到的古老的信仰或者惯例，故答案选C。

　　3.推理判断题。根据文章末段Peopleoftenkeepupcustomswhentheyhaveforgottentheoriginalreasonforthemandinthecourseoftimeafreshreasongetsattachedtothecustom.以及下文的例子可知作者认为有的习俗的由来可能会被遗忘，而随之被赋予其他的意义，故判断选B。

　　4.主旨大意题。文章首段提出民俗学的定义，介绍了一些民间的习俗，然后在下文中又进行了细致的讲解和介绍，由此判断本文主要介绍民俗学，故选A。

　　考点：

　　考查社会生活类短文阅读

2020-05-24 22:39:34

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