备考名词性从句要点说明一、掌握名词性从句的概念其用法相当于名词的从句叫名词性从句。根据在句中的作用不同可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种，依次见下列各例：Whether we’ll go on a picnic is not decided. 我们是否去野餐还不决定。I don’t know whether we’ll go on a picnic. 我不知道我们是否要去野餐。The question is whether we’ll go on a picnic. 问题是我们是否会去野餐。He asked me a question whether we would go on a picnic. 他问了我一个问题：我们是否要去野餐。二、关于名词性从句的三要素学习名词性从句，必须掌握它的三个基本要素：要素一：引导词问题。也就是引导名词性从句的关联词。这些引导词可分为①that②if / whether③疑问词三类。既然是引导词，这些词就必须位于名词性从句的最前面。要素二：语序问题。名词性从句都必须与陈述句语序相同：“主语＋谓语”。事实上，任何一种从句，其语序都必须与陈述句的语序相同。如：1. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ________ I’m talking to. (广东)A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom【分析】答案选B。考查主语从句，因为导引词一定要放在从句的最前面，排除C和D；又因为词序要用陈述句语序，排除A，所以只有B正确。2. No one can be sure ________ in a million years. (1991)A. what man will look like B. what will man look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like【分析】答案选A。根据引导词必须放在从句的最前面，排除C；根据从句的语序要与陈述句语序相同，排除B和D。3. These photographs will show you ________. A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how our village looks like【分析】答案选B。根据从句要用陈述句语序，排除A和C；how是副词不能作介词like的宾语，排除D。4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ________. (上海卷)A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 【分析】答案选D。宾语从句的语序要与陈述句的语序相同，排除A和C；当对所谈到的那个人还不清楚是谁时，要用it，排除B。5. You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents. (1994上海卷)A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited【分析】答案选B。宾语从句的语序与要与陈述句的词序相同，排除C；连接词要位于从句的最前面，排除D；how紧接形容词或副词，排除A。要素三：时态一致问题。若主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，宾语从句的谓语动词可根据情况使用各种时态；若主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句若不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。如： The police found that the house and a lot of things. (90)A. has broken into; has been stolenB. had broken into; had been stolenC. has been broken into; stolenD. had been broken into; stolen【分析】答案选D。因为主句谓语动词found是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词必须是某种过去时，排除A和C；break into与the house是动宾关系，要用被动语态，排除B。stolen前省略了had been。

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