英语句子基本格式是什么?
英语句子基本格式是什么?
英语句子基本格式是什么?
英语句子基本格式是什么?
1、肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:
I’mastudent.Sheisadoctor.Heworksinahospital.
Therearefourfansinourclassroom.
I’mgoingtobuyacomicbooktonight.Hewilleatlunchat12:00.
I’mreadingabook.Theyareswimming.
IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.
2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:
I’mnotastudent.Sheisnot(isn’t)adoctor.
Hedoesnot(doesn’t)workinahospital.
Therearenotfourfansinourclassroom.
I’mnotgoingtobuyacomicbooktonight.
Hewillnot(won’t)eatlunchat12:00.
I’mnotreadingabook.Theyarenot(aren’t)swimming.
Ididnot(didn’t)watchTVyesterdayevening.
☆注意☆小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词“not”.有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isn’t,aren’t”,但amnot一般都分开写.没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t,doesn’t,didn’t).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”.
3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答.如:Areyouastudent?Yes,Iam/No,I’mnot.
Issheadoctor?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.
Doesheworkinahospital?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.
Aretherefourfansinourclassroom?Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.
Areyougoingtobuyacomicbooktonight?
Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.(Yes,weare./No,wearen’t.)
Willheeatlunchat12:00?Yes,Iwill./No,Iwillnot(won’t).
Areyoureadingabook?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.
Aretheyswimming?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.
DidyouwatchTVyesterdayevening?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.
☆注意☆小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,
①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”.一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的.
4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes、no”来回答.如:
Whatisthis?It’sacomputer.
Whatdoeshedo?He’sadoctor.
Whereareyougoing?I’mgoingtoBeijing.
Whoplayedfootballwithyouyesterdayafternoon?Mike.
Whichseasondoyoulikebest?Summer.
Whendoyouusuallygetup?Iusuallygetupat6:30.
Whoseskirtisthis?It’sAmy’s.
Whydoyoulikespringbest?BecauseIcanplanttrees.
Howareyou?I’mfine./I’mhappy.
HowdidyougotoXinjiang?IwenttoXinjiangbytrain.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如:howmany(多少(数量)),howmuch(多少(钱)),howtall(多高),howlong(多长),howbig(多大),howheavy(多重)
例句:Howmanypencilsdoyouhave?Ihavethreepencils.
Howmanygirlscanyousee?Icanseefourgirls.
Howmanydesksarethereinyourclassroom?Thereare51.
☆小结:howmany用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,
Howmany+名词复数+doyouhave?你有多少……?
Howmany+名词复数+canyousee?你能看见多少……?
Howmany+名词复数+arethere…?有多少……?