复合不定代词的用法与考点
复合不定代词的用法与考点
复合不定代词的用法与考点
复合不定代词的用法与考点
复合不定代词的用法与考点一、用法说明这类不定代词有everything(一切事,最重要的事), everyone =everybody (每个人,所有人); something(某事,重要的人或事物), someone =somebody(某 / 有人,重要的人); anything(什么事物,任何事物,无论什么事物), anyone =anybody(任何人,无论谁,重要的人); nothing(没有东西,什么也没有,不重要的人或事), no one=nobody(没有人,不重要的人)等。它们还与别有词构成很多习语,如for nothing(徒劳,免费),nothing but(仅仅,只不过),It’s nothing. (不用谢,不必在意),anybody else(别人)等等。如:1. —Is ________ here? —No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave. (全国卷)A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody【分析】答案选C。由答语可知问的是“到齐了吗?”所以用everybody。请比较:Is anybody here? 这里有人吗?2. —One week’s time has been wasted. —I can’t believe we did all that work for ________. (重庆卷)A. something B. nothingC. everything D. anything【分析】答案选B。for nothing是习语,意为“徒劳,没有好结果”“免费”。二、考点注意使用时,还需注意以下7点:①作主语时,谓语动词用单数。②代替与-thing构成的复合不定代词,用it;代替与-body, -one构成的复合不定代词,一般用they,在正式文体中可用he。如:Everyone knows what they have / he has to do, don’t they / doesn’t he? 每个人都知道他必须做什么,不是吗?③修饰它们的形容词或不定式一定要位于它们的后面,如:This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。Haven’t you got anything to do? 你无事可干吗? ④除与-thing构成的复合不定代词外,都有所有格形式;当其后有else时,’s要加在else后面。如:Grammar isn’t everybody’s idea of fun. 语法不是每个人都认为兴趣的。That must be somebody else’s coat; it isn’t mine. 那一定是别人的外衣,不是我的。 ⑤everyone=everybody, anyone=anybody, 只指人,不能与of短语连用;every one, any one可指人也可指物,一定要与of连用才可以。如:Is anybody here? 有人吗?You can take any one of these. 你可以随便拿一个。⑥与some-,any-构成的复合不定代词的用法与some, any的用法相同。与any-构成的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中,not…any-构成完全否定,但没有any-…not的说法;与some-构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句、预料作肯定回答的疑问句、建议或请求的疑问句中。如:[1][2]下一页 说明:引用此文请注明出处,并请保留该文章链接地址,谢谢~~2. Playing tricks on others is ________ we should never do. (湖南卷)A. anything B. somethingC. everythingD. nothing【分析】答案选B。something某事,一般用于肯定句。⑦与no-构成的复合不定代词本身就是否定意义,所以一定要与肯定的动词连用。not与由every-构成的复合不定代词是部分否定。如:1. She doesn’t know anyone here. She has got ________ to talk to. (广东卷) A. anyone B. someoneC. everyone D. no one【分析】答案选D。no one = nobody = not…any one没有一个人。由前句句意可知。2. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ________. (全国卷)A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing【分析】答案选A。not…everything是否定,意为“我并非同意你讲的一切”,与前一分句意思相符。而not…anything=nothing与前一分句意思矛盾。3. I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will ________. (江苏卷)A. anyone B. anyone elseC. no one D. no one else【分析】答案选B。表示后者与前者“一样不…”,nor本身就是否定的,后面要用肯定的,排除C和D;又因为用else才可排除“I”,所以选B。
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