名词变复数
一、首先区别是可数还是不可数名词.banana和peach是可数名词所以有复数形式.coffee和milk是不可数名词没有复数,所以保持原形.
.二、名词复数的规则变化
1)一般的名词在词尾加-S
students,apples,bags,trees,books,brothers.
2)以s、ss、z、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加-es
glasses,boxes,brushes,matches.
补充说明:以-ch结尾的名词并不一定都是加es变复数,像stomach就是加s,关键还是要看发音的
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加es
cities,babies,enemies
4)以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f为v加es
wives,knives,lives,wolves,shelves,leaves,bookshelves.
但有些词只加s:roofs,proofs,chiefs.
5)以o结尾的名词,有些加es
Negroes,heroes,tomatoes,potatoes(黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿),
其它加s:radios,zoos,pianos,photos,banboos,kangaroos,
Eskimos,Filipinos(其中最后两个单词是以o结尾的种族名词)
二、名词复数的不规则变化
1)改变内部的母音字母:
foot→feet,goose→geese,tooth→teeth,mouse→mice,man→men,woman→women,policeman→policemen,postman→postmen,mailman→mailmen,spaceman→spacemen,gentleman→gentlemen,milkman→milkmen,businessman→businessmen,fisherman→fishermen,policewoman→policewomen,businesswoman→businesswomen
2)单复数同形:
sheep→sheep,deer→deer,Chinese→Chinese,Japanese→Japanese
3)有些外来语保留原来的复数形式
datum→data,medium→media,bacterium→bacteria,curriculum→curricula,criterion→criteria,phenomenon→phenomena
4)加字尾en或ren
ox→oxen,child→children
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