就近原则：1.Therebe句型Thereisabookandsomepencilsonthedesk.=Therearesomepencilsandabookonthedesk.2.neither...nor...Neitheryounorheisright.=Neitherhenoryouareright.3.either...or...EithertheyorJimisgoingtoShanghainextSaturday.=EitherJimortheyaregoingtoshanghainextSaturday.4.notonly...butalso...NotonlyAnnbutalsoherparentsstayathomeeverySunday.=NotonlyAnn'sparentsbutalsoshestaysathomeeverySunday.【主谓一致现象】有一类连接词,其后的谓语动词要与连接词前一部分的主语保持一致.此类连接词有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except(but),including等.例如：Tracy,likemanygirls,lovesdancing.特蕾西像很多女孩一样,喜欢跳舞.Allthestudents,includingTom,areleaving.所有的学生,包括汤姆都走了.Nooneexcept(but)meknowsaboutthisnews.除了我没有人知道就远原则代表词汇：aswellas；（together/along）with；ratherthan；except；besides；but；including；inadditionto；apartfromE.G：HeratherthanIisright.Nobodybuttwostudentsisintheclassroom.就远原则①Whathedoesorwhathesaysdoesnotconcernme.他的行为或言谈都与我无关.②NeitheryounorIamwrong.你和我都没错.③Notyoubutyourfatheristoblame.不是你,而是你父亲该受责备.④Notonlyyouhut(also)heiswrong.不仅你错了,他也错了.