{"content":"ElNinoaSpanishterm-查字典问答网

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　　{"content":"ElNinoaSpanishtermforu201ctheChristchildu201dwasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermanwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpatternwhichhappenseverytwotosevenyearsreducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNinoseeswarmwatercollectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacificflowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweakenorsometimestheotherwayround.

　　Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbadarefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNinoonbalancethantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNifioin1997helpedAmericanu2019seconomygrowby15billionpartlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvestfarmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalinrichcountriesingrowththanthefallinpoorones.

　　ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought(u5e72u65f1uff09insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCaliforniatheyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.

　　ThemostrecentpowerfulNinoin1997-98killedaround21000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinoscomewithmonthsofwarningandsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI)howeverjust12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvanceratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.

　　Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(u57fau7840u8bbeu65bduff09canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(u4e0bu6c34u9053uff09makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco-authorscivilconflictisrelatedtoElNinou2019sharmfuleffectsu2014andthepoorerthecountrythestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausalhelpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundin

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2020-06-27 00:34

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　　答案：

　　61．D 细节理解题根据第一段“El Nifio sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，…，or sometimes the other way round．当风通常向西，或有时则向相反的方向减弱时，厄尔尼诺就会看到在西太平洋聚集了多年的温水回流到东部”的内容可知，此处表达了它看到了海洋水流方向的变化；故选D

　　62．C 细节理解题该题的题干是：厄尔尼诺现象给各个国家可能带来的影响是什么？第二段中的“Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio，on balance，than they lose总的来说，富裕国家从强大的厄尔尼诺中获得的远比他们失去的多．”与C．“Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses．富裕国家的收益大于他们的损失．”表达的意思相同；故选C

　　63．A 推理判断题．该题的题干是：第四段中，由ODI提供的数据表明了什么？根据第四段“Accordingto…（ODI），however，just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance，ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards．在过去的二十年中，只有12%的救灾资金事先用于减少风险，而不是用于之后的恢复与重建”表达的意思可知，“A．moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreduction更多的投资应该用于减少风险”符合文中的意思；故选A．

　　64．D主旨大意题．该题的题干是：作者的写作意图是什么？根据最后一句“SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino，reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority．由于最贫穷的人根本不可能从与厄尔尼诺相关的灾难中弥补他们的损失，因此首要的任务是减少他们的损失”，可知“D．TourgepeopletoprepareforElNino呼吁人们为厄尔尼诺做准备”正是本文的主旨思想；故选D．

2020-06-27 00:38:54

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